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Low-power laser scanning techniques provide a powerful tool for a diverse range of automatic inspection tasks. They are more suitable for high component feed rates, less sensitive to changes in ambient lighting and their output requires less processing power than CCD vision systems. In earlier papers, the authors have described typical automotive-related areas of application for laser scanning. The current paper describes recent work concerned with data capture and signal processing techniques necessary for fully automatic inspection systems with particular reference metal cutting machine tools.
Advanced manufacturing systems using computer-based technologies are now well established particularly for metal cutting activities. Such systems typically comprise machining centres supported by automated transport and handling systems for workpieces and tools. The level of sophistication of these systems is such that completely unattended operation for extended periods is technically feasible provided that a ready supply of suitable workpieces and tools is ensured. It is this latter constraint that the present paper addresses.
Automated metal-cutting manufacturing facilities are strongly dependent on the availability, on demand, of properly configured cutting tools. Tools must not only have the correct geometry but must also be in a suitable state for producing workpieces to the required standards of dimensional accuracy and surface finish. In earlier, manually-operated systems, this was readily achieved through operator skill and vigilance but, in automatic systems, other means must be employed. To this end, work has been undertaken at the University of Hull to develop automatic tool inspection systems based on the use of lasers to scan the cutting edges of tools for the presence of defects. Physical defects such as progressive wear or chipping of an edge can be detected and characterised by such means. Such systems can be implemented in several ways but the most useful are those which allow inspection of tools whilst held either in a local storage system, accessed by an automatic tool changer (ATC), or in the machine tool itself. The paper describes both arrangements and refers specifically to recent work concerned with data capture and signal processing techniques necessary to implement fully automatic inspection systems.
Computer-controlled automated inspection tasks are necessary in the development of intelligent manufacturing systems. The application of low power laser scanning techniques to automated assembly and tool condition monitoring tasks has been investigated with the aim of developing effective tool and process management systems integrated with the manufacturing process. As well as being more cost effective and reliable than human inspectors, automated inspection systems provide the technical feasibility and level of sophistication required for completely unattended operation for extended periods of time. The laser scanning technique compares favourably with CCD vision systems. It has proved to be more suitable for higher component feed rates and requires considerably less signal processing power. It also has the advantage of being less susceptible to changes in ambient lighting conditions. The current paper describes the development and application of laser scanners to automated assembly and to the inspection of tools for metal cutting. Both applications demonstrate the potential for such systems to provide a more reliable and cost effective alternative to human inspectors.
Advances in Mechanical Engineering
Development of an artificial vision system for the automatic evaluation of the cutting angles of worn tools2016 •
This article presents a new method to evaluate the geometry of dull cutting tools in order to verify the necessity of tool re-sharpening and to decrease the tool grinding machine setup time, based on a laser scanning approach. The developed method consists of the definition of a system architecture and the programming of all the algorithms needed to analyze the data and provide, as output, the cutting angles of the worn tool. These angles are usually difficult to be measured and are needed to set up the grinding machine. The main challenges that have been dealt with in this application are related to the treatment of data acquired by the system’s cameras, which must be specific for the milling tools, usually characterized by the presence of undercuts and sharp edges. Starting from the architecture of the system, an industrial product has been designed, with the support of a grinding machine manufacturer. The basic idea has been to develop a low-cost system that could be integrated o...
International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture
Automated laser scanning system for reverse engineering and inspection2002 •
2018 •
LASER based inspection systems are widely used in precision manufacturing system in the recent years. LASER CMM in which a LASER probe attached to Co-ordinate measuring machine is capable rapid measurement of complex 3D sculptured geometry. These machines are capable of capturing large number of data points in the order of thousand of points per second with good accuracy. This inspection is non contact, suitable for fragile and soft components and it is faster and complete surface profile data available in least time. This paper describe various applications of LASER inspection for precision component like turbine blade wax pattern and ceramic core and also describes the development of land based power generation turbine blade through reverse engineering methodology. ©2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Conference Committee Members of 5th International Conference of Materials Processing and Characterization (ICMPC 2016).
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