Textile

This paper aims to predict the hand values (HVs) and total hand values (THVs) of functional fabrics by applying the fuzzy logic model (FLM) and artificial neural network (ANN) model. Functional fabrics were evaluated by trained panels employing subjective evaluation scenarios. Firstly, the FLM was applied to predict the HV from finishing parameters; then, the FLM and ANN model were applied to predict the THV from the HV. The estimation of the FLM on the HV was efficient, as demonstrated by the root mean square error (RMSE) and relative mean percentage error (RMPE); low values were recorded, except those bipolar descriptors whose values are within the lowermost extreme values on the fuzzy model. However, the prediction performance of the FLM and ANN model on THV was effective, where RMSE values of ∼0.21 and ∼0.13 were obtained, respectively; both values were within the variations of the experiment. The RMPE values for both models were less than 10%, indicating that both models are ro...

Cotton is not the answer to meet the rapidly growing demand for textile fibers. Wood-based regenerated cellulose fibers are an attractive alternative. Since wood is a candidate to replace fossil raw materials in so many applications of the circular economy, other sources need investigation. Cotton linters work in the viscose process – can cotton waste be used to make dissolving pulp? We describe the textile qualities of lyocell fibers from (i) pure cotton waste pulp and (ii) blending with conventional dissolving pulp. The staple fibers were tensile tested, yarns spun and tensile tested and knitted, and tested for shrinkage, water and dye sorption, abrasion resistance, fuzzing and pilling, staining and fastness. TENCEL® staple fibers and off-the-shelf TENCEL® yarn were used as references. The results show that the two study fibers had tenacity and an E-modulus that exceeded the staple fiber reference. Also, the study yarns were at least as good as the spun reference yarn and the comm...

Laccases have received much attention from researchers in last decades due to their ability to oxidise both phenolic and non-phenolic lignin related compounds as well as highly recalcitrant environmental pollutants, which makes them very useful for their application to several biotechnological processes. Such applications include the detoxification of industrial effluents, mostly from the paper and pulp, textile and petrochemical industries, use as a tool for medical diagnostics and as a bioremediation agent to clean up herbicides, pesticides and certain explosives in soil. Laccases are also used as cleaning agents for certain water purification systems, as catalysts for the manufacture of anti-cancer drugs and even as ingredients in cosmetics. In addition, their capacity to remove xenobiotic substances and produce polymeric products makes them a useful tool for bioremediation purposes. This paper reviews the applications of laccases within different industrial fields as well as their potential extension to the nanobiotechnology area.

Citation for published version (APA): Alberti, M. E., Aravantinos, V., Fappas, I., Papadaki, A., Rougemont, F., Andersson Strand, E., ... Cutler, J. (2015). Textile tools from Thebes, mainland Greece. In E. Andersson Strand, & M-L. Nosch (Eds.), Tools, Textiles and Contexts: Investigating Textile Production in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean Bronze Age (pp. 279-292). Oxbow Books. ancient textiles series, Vol.. 21

—knitted fabrics find numerous applications in sportswear fabric industry, during their use it can be subjected to loading-unloading due to the body movements which can be indirectly affected by the dynamic elastic recovery value of the fabrics. The cyclic loads lead to the redistribution of fibers in the yarn structure, because they tend to get the minimum level of energy. Dimensional properties of knitted fabric are widely affected by the externally applied forces that could involve permanent deformation. Cotton/Spandex knitted fabrics are widely used for several applications. In this work, an attempt was done to analyze the effect of cyclic loading on cotton/spandex knitted fabric subjected to the different levels of cyclic loading under different values of initial extensions. Knitted fabric mechanical properties with different percentages of spandex were tested. The fabric properties and the number of cycles indicate the change of the residual extension and the drop in the fabric strength and stiffness.

Physico-chemical investigation on adsorption of congo red, an anionic azo dye by chitosan hydrobeads has been carried out. Adsorption process has been found to be dependant on temperature with optimum activity at 30 °C. Both ionic interaction as well as physical forces is responsible for binding of congo red with chitosan. Theoretical correlation of the experimental equilibrium adsorption data for congo red–chitosan hydrobeads system would be best explained by linearized form of Langmuir isotherm model. The kinetic results follow pseudo second-order rate equation. pH of the experimental solution influenced congo red adsorption inversely, and ∼20.0% of the dye could be desorbed from the loaded beads by changing the pH of the solution to alkaline range (∼pH 12.0). Both sodium chloride and sodium dodecyl sulfate significantly influenced the adsorption process.

The weft straightener is an intricate product. But how to produce robust and durable products? Our hope is to produce weft straighteners, even though reasonable price, much reliable in many respects from the view point of customers. It is a product, not research. Photo-electric things, image processing cameras and other state-of-the-art technologies are accessible to everybody; however, the most important thing is who can simplify the system, minimize the cost and “Satisfy Customers!”

Textile  industry  is  playing  a vital  role in  the  Indian economic  growth  of  the country through its  contribution  towards  GDP,
employment,  exchange  rate,  exports,  total  production  etc.  The  purpose  of  the  study  is  to  identify  the  difficulties  of  textile
companies facing challenges from the general manager’s point of view on financial sustainability of  selected textile companies.
The study has used factor analysis for exploring various dimensions of barrier as well as weighted average method and other tests  for  selected  measurement  analyzes  using  SPSS-17  version  for  different  statistics.  Overall,  the  large  scale  companies performing very well with automatic plant with modern innovation products, medium scale unable to produce due to  various reasons and impacting the growth and technological factors as well as facing various difficulties. It reflects overall textile issues and challenges as general results towards the structured questionnaires.

Many properties like weight, tensile strength, elastic recovery etc. of textile materials vary considerably with moisture regain. This is in turn affected by the ambient Relative Humidity (RH) and Temperature (T) which contribute mainly to textile environmental conditions. Therefore the monitoring of environment at test locations either continuously or at regular intervals is necessary. Many Researches have dealt with to interpret measurement data that are frequently inconclusive. The main objectives of this paper are to perform analysis on environment condition using both Simulation and Real-time study and to design the On-line condition monitoring system with Fuzzy Logic Controller using MATLAB. The environment condition is described in terms of linguistic variables so that even unskilled personnel can handle the Textile Environmental Conditions.

The Textile Toolbox: New Design Thinking, Materials & Processes for Sustainable Fashion Textiles reviews the design research conducted between June 2011 and May 2015 by a team of University of the Arts London (UAL) textile researchers, led by Professor Rebecca Earley, who are part of the Swedish funded multi-disciplinary Mistra Future Fashion (MFF) consortium. The objective of the consortium is to research opportunities to advance a more sustainable and competitive fashion industry.

Paparan debu kapas yang terus-menerus di tempat kerja dapat
menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan pernapasan seorang pekerja, terutama pekerja tekstil. Hal ini terjadi karena debu kapas merupakan campuran kompleks dari beberapa komponen yang dapat memicu reaksi dalam tubuh manusia, seperti respon alergi atau proses lain yang tidak dapat dipahami sepenuhnya. Tujuan dari scoping review ini adalah untuk menganalisis efek debu kapas terhadap nilai fungsi paru pada pekerja tekstil. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode scoping review berupa pencarian data beberapa artikel. Sampel berasal dari jurnal internasional yang berkaitan dengan efek debu kapas terhadap nilai fungsi paru pada pekerja tekstil. Database yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Pubmed, Science Direct, Proquest, dan EBSCO, dengan jumlah artikel yang didapat sebanyak 1.436 artikel. Hasil skrining dan uji kelayakan sebanyak 15 artikel. Hasil scoping review menunjukkan bahwa dari 15 artikel, sebagian besar penelitian menyatakan pekerja yang terpapar debu kapas mengalami  penurunan nilai fungsi paru yang diukur setelah shift kerja dan memiliki nilai fungsi paru yang lebih rendah dibandingkan kelompok kontrol. Sebagian besar artikel menyatakan parameter fungsi paru yang dipengaruhi debu kapas adalah VEP1 dan berupa pola gangguan napas obstruktif. 
Berdasarkan kajian pada keseluruhan artikel, paparan debu kapas dapat
menurunkan nilai fungsi paru pada pekerja tekstil.

"Block Printing is the process of using an object to make an inked impression upon a plain surface. It is one of the oldest and most enjoyable of all the crafts and has given color and pattern to paper, cloth, and other surfaces for nearly 4,000 years.
Today the process is essentially the same. As it is simple and impressive, it is ideal for the beginner. "

Electro-coagulation (EC) is becoming a popular proc ess to be used for industrial wastewater treatment. In the present study, a laboratory scale electro-coagu lation (EC) process was utilized to treat the texti le wastewater in order to bring the quality up to the wastewater reu se standards and also to compare the electro-coagul ation process with the conventional coagulation treatment. Effect of various operating parameters such as operating time and voltage on COD removal efficiency was evaluated to achieve the maximum possible treatment efficiency.

The simultaneous use of Fenton reagent and irradiation for the treatment of textile wastewaters generated during a hydrogen peroxide bleaching process is investigated. The experimental conditions tested during this study provide the simultaneous occurrence of Fenton, Fenton-like and photo-Fenton reactions. The batch experimental results are assessed in terms of total organic carbon reduction. Identification of some of the chemical constituents of the effluent was performed by means of GC-MS. Other pollution related features of the initial effluent-like COD and color were also measured. The main parameters that govern the complex reactive system, i.e., light intensity, temperature, pH, Fe(II) and H2O2 initial concentrations have been studied. Concentrations of Fe(II) between 0 and 400 ppm, and H2O2 between 0 and 10,000 ppm were used. Temperatures above 25 degrees C and up to 70 degrees C show a beneficial effect on organic load reduction. A set of experiments was conducted under diff...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to produce an upper garment model for three-dimensional (3D) pattern making. This model will take into account ease allowance and silhouette, and will be used to propose a size-changing method. Design/methodology/approach – The authors used two real garment bodices with a surface suitable for pattern development. The garments were fitted to a designated dummy body and scanned. Using the scanned data, the authors made those upper garment basic models suitable for 3D pattern making. Using one model, the authors produced two bodice patterns, one with the original seam lines and the other with seam lines that differed from the original ones, and then compared them with the original jacket bodice. To construct garment models that were different in size from the basic model, the authors calculated multiplication factors of cross-sectional dimensions (in the front, back and lateral directions) between the basic garment and the actual garment shape wor...

This paper is the second in the series on topological classification of textile structures. The classification problem can be resolved with the aid of invariants used in knot theory for classification of knots and links. Various numerical and polynomial invariants are considered in application to textile structures. A new Kauffman-type polynomial invariant is constructed for doubly-periodic textile structures. The values of the numerical and polynomial invariants are calculated for some simplest doubly-periodic interlaced structures and for some woven and knitted textiles.

In order to understand the fundamental forces which have affected the marketing of natural fibres, especially wool, it is necessary to study the fibre market as a whole and in particular to take account of the development of man-made fibres. In considering some of the more important marketing problems encountered by natural fibres, mainly wool and cotton, we shall explore ways in which these are interconnected with the nature and structure of the man-made fibre industry. The principal problem discussed in this book, the presence of large and possibly growing fluctuations in the price of natural fibres, can only be adequately comprehended if the nature of man-made fibre production and marketing is specifically considered. This and the next Chapter provide a general world-wide background on the development, structure and nature of competition in the textile fibre industry.

Started in 1961 as a mechanical workshop for textile’s machines spare parts and gradually begins to produce machines to cut, brush and finishing corduroy, thus satisfying the specific requirements of the numerous corduroy manufacturers of the area.

Its activities throughout the 60's and 70's grows considerably thanks to a vast extension of the range of machines produced.
In the beginning of the 80's, Carù develops its first Sueding Machine, internationally patent for their high efficiency.
In the following years these machines were diversified and perfected, both technically and production-wise, so as to completely satisfy all sueding requirements.

In the same time, taking advantage of it's deep knowledge of composite materials (carbon fibra) and of the most sophisticated automation and electronic storage systems, Carù begins to produce highly customised Raising, Shearing and Cleaning machines. With more than 40 year old of experience, Caru’ have occupied a position of first importance in mechanical textile field all over the world.